DETUROPE - The Central European Journal of Regional Development and Tourism 2020, 12(1):85-101 | DOI: 10.32725/det.2020.005

Eco-Entrepreneurs Organizational Attitude towards Sustainable Community Ecotourism Development

Harshavardhan Reddy Kummitha
Budapest Business School, University of Applied Sciences, Budapest-1055, Hungary

Keywords: Ecotourism, Sustainability, Destination development, Eco entrepreneurship, Community development

Ecotourism is one of the most popular sectors in the modern tourism industry. Eco-entrepreneurship is a recent development in entrepreneurial society. These two sectors together attempt to solve the environmental and socio-economic problems. This paper analyzes eco-entrepreneurs organizational factors for community ecotourism development in the case of Kabani community ecotourism organization. The study comprised of both secondary and primary data. For primary data, the author conducted a field study research with community members of a small-scale eco-entrepreneurial organization, Kabani Community Tourism between October to December 2017. For secondary data, the author engaged in an extensive literature review process to identify eco-entrepreneurship research conducted in the tourism industry. Quantitative primary data were collected through questionnaires among 56 local communities employed by Kabani ecotourism organization. The well-known classified technique, Principle Component Analysis has been performed to find the factors of eco-entrepreneurship organization for local communities development. These factors are named as a social, economic, and environmental development factors. Findings show that local communities see eco-entrepreneur organizational factors socio-economic, environmental and local communities age and environmental educational awareness programmes influence the development of ecotourism.

Published: March 31, 2020  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Kummitha, H.R. (2020). Eco-Entrepreneurs Organizational Attitude towards Sustainable Community Ecotourism Development. DETUROPE - The Central European Journal of Regional Development and Tourism12(1), 85-101. doi: 10.32725/det.2020.005
Download citation

References

  1. Adeoti, J.O. (2000). Small Enterprise Promotion and Sustainable Development: An Attempt at Integration. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 5(1), 57-71.
  2. Anderson, A.R. (1998). Cultivating the Garden of Eden: environmental entrepreneuring. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 11(2), 135-144 Go to original source...
  3. Anderson, T.L. and D.R. Leal (1997) Enviro-Capitalists: Doing Good While Doing Well, Rowman & Littlefield, Boston, MA, Published April 30th 1997 by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
  4. Ansari, S., Munir, K., & Gregg, T. (2012). Impact at the 'bottom of the pyramid': The role of social capital in capability development and community empowerment. Journal of Management Studies, 49(4), 813-842. Go to original source...
  5. Bennett, S.J. (1991) Ecopreneuring: The Complete Guide to Small Business Opportunities from the Environmental Revolution, Wiley, New York.
  6. Berle, G. (1991) The Green Entrepreneur: Business Opportunities That Can Save the Earth and Make You Money Liberty Hall Press, Blue Ridge Summit, PA. Liberty Hall Press.
  7. Blue, J. (1990) Ecopreneuring: Managing for Results, Scott Foresman, London.
  8. Butler, R. W. (1991). Tourism, environment, and sustainable development. Environmental conservation, 18(3), 201-209. Go to original source...
  9. Buzinde, C., Shockley, G., Andereck, K., Dee, E., & Frank, P. (2017). Theorizing social entrepreneurship within tourism studies. In Social Entrepreneurship and Tourism (pp. 21-34). Springer, Cham. Go to original source...
  10. Cohen, B. & Winn, M.I. (2007). Market Imperfections, Opportunity and Sustainable Entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Venturing, Vol. 22 No. 1 (January), pp. 29-49. Go to original source...
  11. Das, M., & Chatterjee, B. (2015). Ecotourism and Empowerment: A Case Analysis of Bhitarkanika Wildlife Sanctuary, Odisha, India. IIM Kozhikode Society & Management Review, 4(2), 136-145. Go to original source...
  12. Das, S., (2011). Ecotourism, Sustainable Development and the Indian State, in Economic and Political Weekly, XLVI (37), 60-67.
  13. Dean, T. J., & McMullen, J. S. (2007). Toward a theory of sustainable entrepreneurship: Reducing environmental degradation through entrepreneurial action. Journal of business venturing, 22(1), 50-76. Go to original source...
  14. Dean, T.J. & McMullen, J.S. (2007). Toward a Theory of Sustainable Entrepreneurship: Reducing Environmental Degradation through Entrepreneurial Action. Journal of Business Venturing, 22(1), 50-76. Go to original source...
  15. Dees, J. G. (2017). The Meaning of Social Entrepreneurship. Case Studies in Social Entrepreneurship and Sustainability, 34-42. Available at https://community-wealth.org/sites/clone.community-wealth.org/files/downloads/paper-dees.pdf (accessed at 19 Nov 2019)
  16. Garcia-Ruiz, J. M., Lasanta, T., Ruiz-Flano, P., Ortigosa, L., White, S., González, C., & Martí, C. (1996). Land-use changes and sustainable development in mountain areas: a case study in the Spanish Pyrenees. Landscape Ecology, 11(5), 267-277 Go to original source...
  17. Hajer, M.A. (1995), The politics of environmental discourse: ecological modernization and the policy process (p. 40). Oxford: Clarendon Press
  18. Hall, D. R. (1998). Tourism development and sustainability issues in Central and South-eastern Europe. Tourism Management, 19(5), 423-431. Go to original source...
  19. Hill, T.L., Kothari, T.H. & Shea, M. (2010). Patterns of meaning in the social entrepreneurship literature: A research platform. Journal of social entrepreneurship, 1(1), 5-31. Go to original source...
  20. Hirotsune, K. (2011, March). Tourism, sustainable tourism and ecotourism in developing countries. In Proceedings of the ANDA International Conference, Nagoya, Japan (pp. 5-7).
  21. Hostager, T.J., Neil, T.C., Decker, R.L., & Lorentz, R.D. (1998). Seeing Environmental Opportunities: Effects of Intrapreneurial Ability, Efficacy, Motivation and Desirability, Journal of Organizational Change Management, 11(1), 11-25. Go to original source...
  22. Intellecap. 2012. On the path to sustainability and scalability: A study of India's social enterprise landscape. Mumbai: Intellecap.
  23. Keogh, P.D., & Polonsky, M.J. (1998) 'Environmental Commitment: A Basis for Environmental Entrepreneurship?', Journal of Organizational Change Management, 11(1), 38-49. Go to original source...
  24. Kummitha, R. K. R., & Majumdar, S. (2015). Dynamic curriculum development on social entrepreneurship-A case study of TISS. The International Journal of Management Education, 13(3), 260-267. Go to original source...
  25. Kyrö, P. (2001) 'To Grow or Not to Grow? Entrepreneurship and Sustainable Development', International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology, 8(1), 15-28. Go to original source...
  26. Larson, A.L. (2000) 'Sustainable Innovation through an Entrepreneurship Lens',Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley online library publications, 9, 304-317. Go to original source...
  27. Lehner, O.M. (2011), The Phenomenon of Social Enterprise in Austria: A Triangulated Descriptive Study, Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, 2(1): 53-78 Go to original source...
  28. Lordkipanidze, M., Brezet, H., & Backman, M. (2005). The entrepreneurship factor in sustainable tourism development. Journal of cleaner production, 13(8), 787-798. Go to original source...
  29. McEwen, T. (2013), Ecopreneurship as a solution to environmental problems: implications for college level entrepreneurship education. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 3(5), 264.
  30. Mol, A.P. (1996), Ecological modernization and institutional reflexivity: environmental reform in the late modern age. Environmental politics, 5(2), 302-323. Go to original source...
  31. Muresan, I., Oroian, C., Harun, R., Arion, F., Porutiu, A., Chiciudean, G....Lile, R. (2016). Local residents' attitude toward sustainable rural tourism development. Sustainability, 8(1), 100. Go to original source...
  32. Pastakia, A. (2002). Assessing Ecopreneurship in the Context of a Developing Country: The Case of India, Greener Management International, 38 (Summer), 93-108 Go to original source...
  33. Richards, G., & Hall, D. (Eds.). (2003). Tourism and sustainable community development (Vol. 7). Psychology Press.
  34. Schaltegger, S. (2002) 'A Framework for Ecopreneurship: Leading Bioneers and Environmental Managers to Ecopreneurship', Greener Management International, 38 (Summer), 45-58. Go to original source...
  35. Schaper, M. (2002). Introduction: The Essence of Ecopreneurship. Greener Management International, 2002(38), 26-30. Go to original source...
  36. Schaper, M. (2002). The essence of ecopreneurship. Greener management international, 26-30. Go to original source...
  37. Scheyvens, R. (1999). Ecotourism and the empowerment of local communities. Tourism Management, 20(2), 245-249. Go to original source...
  38. Schumpeter, J.A. (1942) Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy. Vol. 36, Harper & Row, New York, 132-145. Review Essay by Thomas K. McCraw, Harvard Business School.
  39. Seelos, C., & Mair, J. (2005) 'Social Entrepreneurship - The Contribution of Individual Entrepreneurs to Sustainable Development', IESE Business School Working Paper No. 553 Go to original source...
  40. Stone, L. S., & Stone, T. M. (2011). Community-based tourism enterprises: challenges and prospects for community participation; Khama Rhino Sanctuary Trust, Botswana. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 19(1), 97-114. Go to original source...
  41. Stronza, A. (2007). The economic promise of ecotourism for conservation. Journal of Ecotourism, 6(3), 210-230. Go to original source...
  42. Tetzschner, H., & Herlau, H. (2003). Innovation and Social Entrepreneurship in Tourism A Potential for Local Business Development (No. 49). Working Paper, Department of Environmental and Business Economics, University of Southern Denmark.
  43. Thimm, T. (2017). The Kerala tourism model-an Indian state on the road to sustainable development. Sustainable Development, 25(1), 77-91. Go to original source...
  44. Tilley, F., & Young, W. (2009). Sustainability Entrepreneurs. Greener Management International, (55).
  45. Tol, R. S. (2018). The economic impacts of climate change. Review of Environmental Economics and Policy, 12(1), 4-25. Go to original source...
  46. Tosun, C. (2000). Limits to community participation in the tourism development process in developing countries. Tourism management, 21(6), 613-633. Go to original source...
  47. Van Rooyen, E. J. (2004). Sustainable agricultural development among the Southern Africa Development Community (SADC): considering integrated development planning practices and institutional arrangements. Journal of Public Administration, 39(Special issue 1), 558-573.
  48. Véron R 2001. The 'new' Kerala model: lessons for sustainable development. World Development 29(4), 601-617. Go to original source...
  49. Walley, E.E., & Taylor, D. (2002) 'Opportunists, Champions, Mavericks…? A Typology of Green Entrepreneurs', Greener Management International, No. 38 (Summer), pp. 31-43. Go to original source...
  50. WBCSD, The Sustainable Mobility Report 2002 Available at http://docs.wbcsd.org/2002/06/SustainableMobilityProject-ProgressReport2002.pdf (accessed at 20 Nov 2019)
  51. Wearing, S., & Neil, J. (2009). Ecotourism: impacts, potentials and possibilities? Elsevier, Linacre house, Jordan hill, oxford, UK second edition 2009
  52. World Tourism Organization (2019), International Tourism Highlights, 2019 Edition, UNWTO, Madrid, DOI: https://doi.org/10.18111/9789284421152 Go to original source...
  53. Yaşar, S. A. R. I., & Cemile, E. C. E. (2018). An Examination of Eco-village as an Example of Eco-entrepreneurship; The Case of Turkey. International Journal of Landscape Architecture Research (IJLAR) E-ISSN: 2602-4322, 2(2), 01-03.
  54. York, J.G., O'Neil, I., & Sarasvathy, S.D. (2016), Exploring environmental entrepreneurship: identity coupling, venture goals, and stakeholder incentives. Journal of Management Studies, 53(5), 695-737. Go to original source...
  55. Zahra, S.A., Gedajlovic, E., Neubaum, D.O., & Shulman, J.M. (2009). A typology of social entrepreneurs: Motives, search processes and ethical challenges. Journal of business venturing, 24(5), 519-532. Go to original source...

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.